( Ref: Times on India
Within BRIC, India US
|
Country
|
Average Real GDP growth rate since 2001
|
GDP*
|
Projected GDP in 2018
|
Per capita income*
|
Popul-ation
|
Consumer inflation rate in 2012
|
Current account deficit as % of GDP
|
Total forex
reserves
|
Market cap of listed companies
|
|
|
3.3%
|
$2,396.0 bn
|
$3,389.4 bn
|
$12,078.8
|
198.4 million
|
5.4%
|
-2.3%
|
$369.6 bn
|
$1,229.8 bn
|
|
|
4.7%
|
$2,022.0 bn
|
$3,181.5 bn
|
14,246.8
|
141.9 million
|
5.1%
|
4.0%
|
$486.6 bn
|
$874.7 bn
|
|
|
7.1%
|
$1,824.8 bn
|
$2,975.7 bn
|
$1,491.9
|
1,223.2 million
|
9.3%
|
-5.1%
|
$270.6 bn
|
$1,263.3 bn
|
|
|
10.2%
|
$8,227.0 bn
|
$14,941.1 bn
|
$6,075.9
|
1,354.0 million
|
2.7%
|
2.6%
|
$3,331.1 bn
|
$3,697.4bn
|
|
US
|
1.6%
|
$15,684.8 bn
|
$21,101.4 bn
|
$49,922.1
|
314.2
|
2.1%
|
-3.1%
|
$139.1 bn
|
$18,668 bn
|
|
Country
|
Passenger cars
Per 1000 people
|
Internet users
Per 100 people
|
Mobile phone
Per 100 people
|
Population living below $1.25 a day
|
|
|
178
|
45.0
|
124
|
6.1%
|
|
|
233
|
49.0
|
179
|
0%
|
|
|
12
|
11.0
|
72
|
32.7%
|
|
|
44
|
38.3
|
73
|
11.8%
|
|
US
|
423
|
77.9
|
93
|
0%
|
Welfare Economics (Ref. H.T. dated 10.03.2013)
|
S.No.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1
|
Employment (in %)
of total population
|
54
|
58
|
65
|
57
|
55
|
51
|
44
|
71
|
57
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
Population (million)
|
1223.1
|
141.92
|
196.52
|
63.06
|
81.77
|
63.41
|
60.89
|
1353
|
127.6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
Inflation (in %)
at consumer price in 2012
|
10.25
|
5.1
|
5.23
|
2.73
|
2.15
|
1.92
|
3.01
|
3.0
|
0.04
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
Internet Users
per 100 persons
|
11
|
49.3
|
45
|
81.7
|
83.4
|
76.8
|
56.8
|
38.4
|
78.7
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
Health (in $)
expenditure / capita
|
54
|
525
|
990
|
3503
|
4668
|
4691
|
3248
|
221
|
4065
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
GDP in 2012
|
$1.9
trillion
|
$2.0
trillion
|
$2.4
trillion
|
$2.4
trillion
|
$3.4
trillion
|
$2.6
trillion
|
$2.0
trillion
|
$8.3
trillion
|
$6.0
trillion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7
|
Projected GDP in 2025
|
$6.9
trillion
|
$5.80
trillion
|
$5.2
trillion
|
$4.6
trillion
|
$4.4
trillion
|
$3.5
trillion
|
$2.4
trillion
|
$28.1
trillion
|
$7.8
trillion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
INDIAN PARLIAMENT
|
Year of Election held
|
1952
|
1957
|
1962
|
1967
|
1971
|
1977
|
1980
|
1984
|
1989
|
1991
|
1996
|
1998
|
1999
|
2004
|
2009
|
|
Total No. of Seats
|
489
|
494
|
494
|
520
|
518
|
542
|
529
|
514
|
529
|
521
|
543
|
543
|
543
|
543
|
543
|
|
Seats Won
by
|
364
(INC)
|
371
(INC)
|
361
(INC)
|
283
(INC)
|
352
Cong
(I )
|
345
JP
|
353
Cong (I )
|
404
Cong (I )
|
143
JD
|
232
INC
|
161
BJP
|
181
BJP
|
299
BJP
|
218
INC
|
262
INC
|
|
% Vote share
|
44.99
|
47.78
|
44.72
|
40.78
|
43.68
|
52.74
|
42.69
|
49.10
|
17.79
|
36.26
|
20.29
|
25.59
|
40.80
|
35.40
|
37.32
|
Source:
H.T. dated 26.01.2014
INC – Indian National Congress
Cong ( I ) – Congress ( Indira )
JP – Janata Party
BJP – Bhartia Janata Party
Only once in history any
Party ( Janata Party ) has got more than 50% of Vote share
BRIBING
IN INDIA
Total bribe paid by adult urban Indians each year Rs.
6, 29, 675 Crore ( 6.3% of GDP, 32% more than IT revenues, 35% more than
defense budget, 2151% more than health
expenditure, 942% more than education expenditure, 741% more than food subsidy)
Pattern of bribe
|
Police for verification of Passport
|
30%
|
|
Traffic Police
|
25%
|
|
Civic Official to register property
|
15%
|
|
Transport Officials for driving license
|
10%
|
|
Others
|
20%
|
Capitals
of Corruption
|
Chennai
|
Rs. 92,352
|
Per year per person
|
|
Delhi
|
Rs.
23,175
|
Per
year
per person
|
|
Mumbai
|
Rs.
10,101
|
Per
year
per person
|
|
|
Rs.
8,618
|
Per
year
per person
|
|
Kolkata
|
Rs.
4,760
|
Per
year
per person
|
The
urban Indian pays bribe average Rs. 26,932 per year
(Ref: India
Life Line of a Rupee
|
Year
|
Rs = 1 USD
|
|
|
1947
( Independence Day )
|
1.0
|
Congress Government
|
|
1966
( Devaluation )
|
6.35
|
Congress Government
|
|
1973
( Oil Crisis )
|
7.67
|
Congress Government
|
|
1975
( Emergency )
|
8.41
|
Partly Janata Dal Govt.
|
|
1985
( Rajiv Gandhi Government )
|
12.36
|
Congress Government
|
|
1991
( India mort gages Gold )
|
22.69
|
Congress Government
Manmohan Singh – Finance Minister
|
|
1992
( Devalued by 22% )
|
25.92
|
Congress Government
|
|
1993
( Market determined exchange rate )
|
31.43
|
Congress Government
|
|
1996 ( Import licensing
abolished / tariff reduced )
|
35.43
|
Congress Government
|
|
1997
|
36.32
|
NDA Government
|
|
1998
( Asian Currency Crisis )
|
41.27
|
NDA Government
|
|
2002
( Money laundering Act )
|
48.60
|
NDA Government
|
|
2004
|
45.32
|
Congress Government
UPA - I ( Manmohan Singh
PM )
|
|
2008
( World economy crisis )
|
43.50
|
Congress Government
|
|
2009
( UPA - II )
|
48.40
|
Congress Government
UPA - II ( Manmohan Singh
PM )
|
|
2012
|
53.32
|
Congress Government
|
|
2013
(Aug)
|
Touched 69
|
Congress Government
|
First Silver coin introduced
in 16th Century, remained largely unchanged till early 20th
Century.
( Ref: H.T. Aug 26, 2013 )
R&D
Total R&D expense in India doubled since 2007 and
is now estimated at $40 billion, says a recent study by Roland Berger Strategy
Consultants. Besides, the number of patents filed in the US and Europe
by Indian companies has also registered a significant jump. Until very
recently, innovation was almost exclusively the preserve of advanced economies.
That’s no longer the case.
|
Share of global R&D spending (%)
|
||
|
Country
|
2007
|
2012
|
|
US
|
34.3
|
31.1
|
|
|
25.9
|
24.1
|
|
|
9.5
|
14.2
|
|
|
13.5
|
11.2
|
|
|
2.0
|
2.9
|
However, in comparison to China ,
India
Nitin Paranjpe, MR & CEO, Hindustan Unilever, in
an earlier interaction with TOI, had said the only driver of innovation was a
mismatch between ambition and resources. “If ambition is equal to resource,
there is no motivation for innovation,” he said.
(Ref: TOI, dated
05.12.2012)
GLOBAL INNOVATION INDEX (AVERAGE)
|
2012
Rank
|
2012
Rank
|
Country
|
Score
|
|
1
|
1
|
|
66.6
|
|
2
|
2
|
|
61.4
|
|
3
|
5
|
|
61.2
|
|
4
|
6
|
Netherlands
|
61.1
|
|
5
|
10
|
USA
|
60.3
|
|
6
|
4
|
Finland
|
59.5
|
|
7
|
8
|
Hong Kong (China)
|
59.4
|
|
8
|
3
|
Singapore
|
59.4
|
|
9
|
7
|
Denmark
|
58.3
|
|
10
|
9
|
Ireland
|
57.9
|
|
BRICS
|
|||
|
35
|
34
|
|
44.7
|
|
58
|
54
|
|
37.6
|
|
62
|
51
|
|
37.2
|
|
64
|
58
|
|
36.3
|
|
66
|
64
|
|
36.2
|
National Sample Survey Office Study
- 60 million jobs: Job
created between 1999-2000 and 2003-04 during the NDA regime
- 53 million jobs: Job
created between 2004-05 to January 2012 during the UPA’s rule
- 2%: The rise in
unemployment rate during 2010-2012
- The rate increased
despite 13.9 million new jobs created between 2010 and 2012
(Ref: Hindustan Times, dated 22.06.2013)
Human
development index
When India’s human development index is adjusted for
gender equality, it becomes South Asia’s worst performing, new numbers in the
UNDP’s Human Development Report 2013 show. Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, which
are poorer then India and have lower HDIs, all do comparatively better that
India when it comes to gender equality. HDI is a composite indicator composed
measures for education, health and income.
(Ref: ET dated 04.07.2013)
1.
Under weight children in India
2. Poverty
level from 2004 – 05 to 2011-12 fell by 2.24% annually.
3. Material
mortality – 212 per lakh live berths during 2007-09.
4. Housing
shortage - in urban areas estimated at 18.78 million units (2012).
5. Drinking
water sources – only a fourth of India
6. Power – more than 400 Million people in India
7. Sanitation
Facility – Half the population defecates in the open (2011). Only 35% have access to proper
facility.
8. Heath
expenditure per capita is USD 44 (2009), China (USD 191) Bhutan (USD 91), Sri Lanka (USD 65).
|
Population share % by
religion
|
Hindu
|
Muslim
|
Christian
|
Sikh
|
|
1961
|
83.4
|
10.7
|
--
|
--
|
|
1971
|
82.7
|
11.2
|
--
|
--
|
|
1981
|
82.3
|
11.7
|
--
|
--
|
|
1991
|
81.5
|
12.6
|
--
|
--
|
|
2001
|
80.5
|
13.4
|
--
|
--
|
|
Household Monthly per
capita consumer expenditure
|
1125
|
980
|
1543
|
1659
Overall
1128
|
|
Fertility Rate – by religion
|
2.6
|
3.4
|
2.3
|
2.0
|
|
- by education
|
No education 12 year or more
3.6 1.8
|
--
|
||
|
--
|
||||
|
- by Wealth Index
|
Lowest 20% – 3.9 Highest 20% - 1.8
|
--
|
||
|
Illiterate Woman %
Rural / Urban
|
50.5 / 22.3
|
52.6 / 34.5
|
23.2 / 11.9
|
40.3 / 23.5
|
(Source: Census
data and Sachar committee Report National Family Health Survey 2005-06 NSS 66th
Round (July 2009-June 2010).
(Ref: ET)
12 Technologies that can be Game Changers in 2014
The
Certainties : Technologies that have
been knocking at our doors and are all ready to storm the market. Together,
these four will disrupt industries worth $10-20 trillion over the decade.
1. IT
and Computing SMAC : as the most
disruptive force ever in the industry of the IT industry, the unique power of
SMAC ( social, mobile, analytics and cloud) comes from the way it combines
different technologies. Individual SMAC technologies have developed well over
the last few years, and the combination is now ripe for causing big shifts.
Mobile phones are selling in large numbers, and networks have matured. Cloud
computing is package that is powerful.
2. Life
Sciences and Healthcare - Whole Genome Sequencing :
The complete deconstruction of a human being’s DNA is
the most rapidly developing technology ever. It is now also ready for
large-scale commercial use, as the cost has come down to a few thousand dollars
per genome. A whole genome can now be sequenced in two weeks, and will soon be
the basis of prevention and treatment of many diseases. It will be a life-saver
for cancer patients, who can hope to get the correct drug based on the genetic
basis of the tumor. At some point, whole genome sequencing will be as common as
vaccinations for newborns.
3. Energy/
/ Transport: Electric Car :
Driven by the Tesla Model S, electric cars had a good
2013 in the US
4. Manufacturing
: Internet of Things
Internet of things, or M2M, is jargon for a network
of machines. It is actually a set of sensors and motors connected to each
other, one for feeding information and the other to act upon this information.
Often a hyped technology, Internet of Things will begin to become real next
year. Its impact will be left most in the manufacturing sector, a it improves
productivity by bringing an exquisite sense of timing to global supply chains.
It is no wonder that Internet of Things is sometimes called Industry 4.0.
5. IT
and Computing : Cognitive Computing
Cognitive Computing is a process by which computers
learn as they do their tasks and engage with humans like humans. This term was
coined by IBM to distinguish it from the more popular term artificial
intelligence, and to stress the fact that there is nothing artificial about
cognitive computing. IBM’s Watson is the most advanced cognitive computing platform,
but few others are also being developed, mostly by startups. Some advances that
have long-term significance are likely.
6. Life
Sciences and Healthcare: Wearable Devices
Personal health monitoring is growing in developed
markets and even in India
7. Energy
and Transport : New Batteries
8. Manufacturing
: 3D Printing
3D Printing had an inventing year. As technology has
advanced rapidly, gun models for printing were downloaded over 100,000 tomes.
3D printing is set to revolutionize manufacturing, as big players around the
world announce their intention to switch to the technique in a big way.
Companies doing 3D printing have good revenues and profits, and their stocks
are riding high. It is even coming to life sciences, as biotech forms are
working printing body parts.
9. IT
computing: Graphene chip
Graphene a single layer of carbon atoms. It was
discovered only 2004, but has since shown extraordinary properties in the lab.
It is the thinnest and the strongest material that we know, and is also very
good conductor of heat and electricity. These properties make it great for
computing. Computing needs a breakthrough soon: the copper wiring inside the
chip cannot be shrunk for too long. An all-graphene chip would be a great
development, as MT and IBM have already shown that the idea can work, in photo-detectors
to begin with. Definitely in the wish list for 2014.
10. Life
Science and healthcare:
Nano-medicine is the application of nanotechnology
manipulation of matter at the smallest scale-to medicine. As an area of
research is not new, but there have been no game-changing commercial
applications yet for nanomedicine. Experts believe that there will be one soo,
at some point the next few years. Drug delivery using nanoparticles is one of
the most promising areas of nanomedicine. Next year could see some important
results in the clinical tails currently going n using nanoparticles for
delivery. Watch out for some of them in India
11. Energy:
Perovskites
Perovskites are a kind of mineral made of calcium
titanium oxide discovered in the 19th century. They have now become
a hot research material for solar cells because they are cheap and abundant.
Perovskites now work at 15% efficiency in the lab. Efficiencies of 25% are not
impossible at some point, considering the pace at which research is advancing.
It still has some barriers to cross. For example, perovskite cells contain
lead, are toxic to the environment if let lose. But it is certainly one the
materials to watch materials for in 2014.
12. Manufacturing
: Printed Electronics
Printed electronics is certain rewrite industries.
The only question is when. A beginning could be made next year with printed
solar cells, as several novel techniques have been shown to work in the labs
this year. Soon, as costs drop, printed could be everywhere on food packets, on
newspapers and magazines, manufactured goods and so on. One day, this newspaper
could have a video that could cut food waste, generate cheap electricity, power
medical devices in our bodies, and so on. And that could spring a surprise next
year.
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